High School Cliques - 896 Words

Cliques in Schools High school has always been a tough time for most teenagers. It is a time when classes are harder, schedules are tighter and most students are twice as mean. High school â€Å"marks a time of extensive and sometimes rapid growth for adolescents† (Clique Formation). A step up from junior high, â€Å"the unfamiliar environment subjects students to vast array of new experiences, problems and decisions† (Clique Formation). Most teenagers experience problems once they hit high school like peer pressure. High school is also a time when most cliques form. Cliques are when â€Å"one of two members of the friendship controls the others† (Cliques in Schools). Cliques are reigning over schools in this time today. Cliques are â€Å"rampant in schools across the country today† (Cliques in Schools). It has been discussed and argued that cliques can affect the school life of students. However, it is also clear that cliques are also a good thing if there is an attempt to bring everyone together. But because of the formation of cliques, and the actions and attitudes from and towards cliques, cliques have a negative view in schools today. Often times, cliques are seen as an unhealthy thing. There are so many flaws in the idea of cliques that it has been questioned many times. Since cliques are formed by interests, students would go whom they fit best with and that would divide up the school. Every teenager is familiar with the ‘classic’ cliques and their nicknames, as epitomized inShow MoreRelatedHigh School Cliques808 Words   |  3 PagesEvery school has cliques; small groups of people with similar interests who hang out exclusively with one another. But are cliques harmful to the high school environment? The definition of a clique can go down to a specific detail and its effect has a wide range. Cliques tend to stay on the negative side, so is the 5% of positivity enough to keep high school a safe environment? The classification of cliques is based off of the labels students are given. Labels are usually given to students in middleRead More High School Cliques Essay791 Words   |  4 PagesHigh schoo l is a combat zone. Perhaps incognito, high school is vile in all ways, shapes, and forms. High school is destruction of humanity. From blondes to redheads, and albinos to bronzed beauties, there is no fair play. Manipulation, deceit, lies, and forbidding grades are the fate of these entire helpless quarry. After many devastating centuries, mankind has learned to adapt to this revolution. Fighting for freedom and molding to the staggering state of affairs, students have mastered separationRead MoreEssay about High School Cliques1205 Words   |  5 PagesHigh School Cliques High school cliques are typical during teenage years, giving members a feeling of acceptance and belonging. But I believe that cliques conversely damage a teen’s self esteem. The high school should get involved in helping all students feel more â€Å"socially included†. How can a student feel like they socially fit in? It is the responsibility of the high school to create an atmosphere for the student body which promotes acceptance and inclusion of other kids, allowing kidsRead MoreTaking a Look at High School Cliques569 Words   |  2 PagesIn high school surviving is the hardest things to do, when anyone first come there. The best thing to do is finding a clique of people and join them. Finding different cliques are not that hard, but knowing who they are and adapting the environment is one of the hardest thing to do in high school. Finding a wrong clique can lead anyone straight down to a life of hell or worse. Students who entering high school can identify th e types of cliques of student are in, and join up with whatever cliques thatRead More The Effect of Cliques on High School Students Essay examples1563 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effect of Cliques on High School Students Most college freshman can still vividly remember their high school days. These days included ruling the school as seniors, or running from the seniors as lowly ninth graders. These days included having lunch with friends, and gossiping in the hallways between classes. Whatever was done, it was usually done with a friend or a group of friends. Most of these groups can be considered cliques. Cliques are groups where there is some kind of commonRead MoreHigh School vs College Essay1236 Words   |  5 PagesCompare and Contrast Essay High School vs College Having a good education is the key to becoming successful in life. It is a proven fact. This achievement requires not only graduating from high school, but also from college. Moving from high school to college may be an exciting transition, but it is also a very difficult one. It is a challenge that the student will struggle with and eventually adjust to over time. Although there are many differences between high school and college, one should notRead MoreCliques Can Affect Your Educational Performance1279 Words   |  6 Pages Cliques have existed since we were young. You’ve experienced cliques in one way or another, whether it be that group of kids that never talked to anyone but each other, or all of the smart kids that would do their homework together. Even clubs and activities often create cliques, whether intentionally or unintentionally. Deciding if these cliques are good or bad things is often debated, with no conclusive evidence favoring either side. A ten year old student from Carrolton School in Florida wroteRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Towns 779 Words   |  4 Pagestheir own identity. High School Cliques Just like any typical high school the viewer is able to see the different cliques. The two cliques that were presented in the film were the popular teens and the nerds. Quentin and his friends were the nerds because they were in band, focused on SAT exams, never skipped school, did not party or drink, and had high grades (Browen et al., 2015). These are characteristics that are typically given to non-popular kids or nerds during high school. On the other handRead MoreWilliam Damon Is An Educator / Researcher On Psychology And Education1597 Words   |  7 Pagesrelationships and a high level of emotional closeness is built. Regardless of age cliques and crowds always develop among children and adults. A clique is a group of member that share common interests, often are of the same gender. The members of the group are often labeled or stereotyped. Crowds are very similar to cliques, both shape the minds of children on how they should act or how they should be. Both add pressure to a dolescents under peer pressure such as drinking, smoking, skipping school, or sex inRead MoreOutsiders : Outsiders And Stereotypes928 Words   |  4 Pages If you were to walk into a high school lunchroom, what is the first thing you would see? Groups, cliques, friend circles, and separations. Tables split up in detached formations, almost completely unaware of the other surrounding pupils nearby. The most common groups in high school are the populars and the outcasts; the kids who have endless friends, engage in team sports, and meet the ideal teenage standards, against the ones who are quiet, solitary, and unconventional. The ones that are outcasts

Cigarette Advertisements in the 1950s Essay - 1149 Words

In the middle of the twentieth century, mostly during the 1950’s and the 1960’s, smoking was more prevalent and smoking advertisements were more common as well. In the 1950’s, people didn’t know that smoking caused lung cancer and various deadly diseases. One technique that cigarette advertisements in the 1950s advertised their product was to use the doctor as a spokesperson and say their cigarette was the â€Å"doctor’s preference.† Doctors (the image of health) could be associated with cigarettes because people did not consider cigarettes unhealthy. One example of a cigarette company that used this advertising technique in the 1950’s was Camel. Camel’s advertisement’s use of the doctor as a spokesperson and doctor preference, choice of†¦show more content†¦All forms of advertising exploit their potential buyer’s needs or create false needs in order to sell their product. Some of the needs that would be f illed according to this ad are a â€Å"healthy† cigarette, the need for prominence, the need to suit the â€Å"t-zone (throat and taste)†, and for a â€Å"rich, full flavor, and cool mildness† tobacco. The doctor fills the need for a â€Å"healthy† cigarette because doctors represent health. The doctor fulfills the need for prominence because doctors are high up in society and they use this cigarette. Most people feel more prominent when they do things that prominent people do. According to the ad, a healthy, good tasting cigarette suits the false need for one’s â€Å"t-zone†. The tobacco claims to be â€Å"rich, full, and cool in flavor†, which is not a real need but people that smoke a cigarette that they believe is not â€Å"full† may think they need a â€Å"full† cigarette. Most people tend to believe their doctor when it comes to matters of health therefore, the ad is effective. Also, the use of the â€Å"T-zoneâ⠂¬  is effective because it appeals to throat (good for one’s body) and taste (good). The potential buyer will believe that this cigarette is both good and good for them. In addition to â€Å"fulfilling needs†, the Camel  ® article uses images to sell their product. The image of the doctor is big and has a red background. Red is associated with fire (and therefore smoking). Red is also a bold,Show MoreRelatedVintage Cigarette Ads Vs. Modern Cigarette Advertising913 Words   |  4 PagesVintage Cigarette Ads vs. Modern Cigarette Ads When companies create a print advertisement, their main goal is to showcase their product so that they can bring in a load of profit. They may lure in certain audiences whether male, female or children, but how might advertisement be different from the past than in the present? The 1950’s was an era that was heavy in pop culture, with jukebox diners, slick back pompadour hair, I Love Lucy episodes, and jazz music (Watson 3). Advertisements were brightRead MoreCigarette Advertisment Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pages The intended target audience has varied a lot the past century. Cigarette use within the United States military increased significantly during their entrance into World War l, in 1918, because several tobacco companies began targeting military personnel because soldiers used cigarettes as a physiological escape from the horrors of their daily lives. However, women were also especially targeted during the years of war in America, as most consumer goods were aimed at women since the majority ofRead More Tobacco Advertisements1733 Words   |  7 PagesTobacco advertisements have been a sensitive subject in America especially among parents who do not want their children to become smokers. I know from personal experience that tobacco is extremely toxic and can do major bodily harm. My grandfather was a chain smoker for over twenty years. He started smoking in his late teens and he died from lung problems that were caused by his addiction to cigarette smoking. My father is also a cha in smoker and he started smoking when he was sixteen. He isRead MoreThe Issue Of Cigarette Advertising1719 Words   |  7 Pagesfreedom really is, or how such freedoms should be practiced. Advertising is a subject many often overlook when considering the freedoms that The First Amendment protects. However, it is a subject certainly not overlooked when regarding the question of cigarette advertising. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other federal and state regulators have targeted tobacco manufacturers for decades. Many claims have accused companies of directly marketing to minors, neglectingRead MoreAn Age Of Modern Marketing1596 Words   |  7 PagesAdvertising began to take form in the 1950 s and the 1960’s as the age of modern marketing began to rise. In the 1960 s, great economic changes took place the influenced how the marketers in large agencies advertising products to the general public. Beginning with the creative revolution, modern marketing formed itself to cater both the changing economy and the general public. Many companies followed the trend of branding, which is forming a distinction between two similar products produced byRead MoreMarketing Of Beauty : Winter 2016 Research Paper1285 Words   |  6 Pagesthat lay around beside you. Can you try to pick anything that you haven’t seen or heard from media? It would be pretty difficult to pick one since we are surrounded by advertisements and every decision that we make on purchases are based on those advertisements. So, it’s safe to assume that we are hugely affected by media advertisements. Is it aesthetic perspective that move us to purchase a product or commercial perspective that encourages us to buy? In this essay, it will discuss history of advertisingRead MoreAdvertisement Business : Business, Ruthless Dog Eat Dog, And High Stakes1780 Words   |  8 PagesMatthew Renfro 12/19/14 English 10 Honors Period: 2 Advertisement: Where Santa Endorsed Cigarettes and Where Companies Invade Our Pockets Cutthroat business, ruthless dog-eat-dog relationships, and high stakes are timeless key characteristics of the advertisement business. Overtime, the advertisement business has evolved and adapted to suit society’s desires. Advertisements from the 1950s seem alien to us today. The advertiser’s main goal is to sell you an item, idea, or service. To do thisRead More Cigarette Advertising Essay1321 Words   |  6 PagesTruth About Cigarette Advertising Two lithe, tanned bodies lazily languish near a limpid river. The heads of the two persons are thrown back in poses of a supremely confident nature. Their facial features, though, are indistinguishable amidst the ephemeral haze which envelops them. Curiosity piqued and intently surveying the scene, one then notices the cigarettes dangling from the fingers of the pair. Advertisements such as this are now ubiquitous to the point of annoyance. These attempts to enticeRead MoreThe Ethical Concerns Involving Tobacco1680 Words   |  7 Pagesvaluable cigarette brands in the world, Marlboro. Marlboro first emerged onto the tobacco scene at the beginning of the nineteenth century. They originally were a cigarette brand with a female-based target market. Marlboros were considered feminine cigarettes because they had filters, which were very unpopular for men at the time because the purpose of the filter was to protect a woman’s lipstick so that the tobacco leaves would never actually make contact with the mouth or lips. In the 1950s a scientificRead MoreHistorical Background Of Tobacco - Early American Indians Essay1002 Words   |  5 Pages1930 – 40 It is of interest that in the 1930’s and 40’s the use of tobacco for both men and women became the norm particularly in America. At this time also there became some concerns among the public in relationship to the negative impacts to the use of tobacco. To counteract the publics rising anxiety’s tobacco companies started to use doctors to advertise in their ad campaigns during the early 1950’s. the use of doctors within the tobacco advertisements was to try and convince people that tobacco

Questions and Answers about Marriage and Same-Sex Union Free Essays

The two articles delve into the contemporary debate of same sex union. The first one presents the conservative orthodox view of the Catholic faith on same sex union while the second article presents an unorthodox view which is more liberal and accepting. Both article advocate a stand on the same issue and aims to spread the good news of their stand. We will write a custom essay sample on Questions and Answers about Marriage and Same-Sex Union or any similar topic only for you Order Now The two articles tackle the issue of same sex union by giving their own definition of marriage. The orthodox view argues that marriage, as instituted by God, is a faithful, exclusive, lifelong union of a man and a woman joined in an intimate community of life and love and that same sex union is an altogether different thing from marriage since it does not fit the definition. They say that it is not based on the natural complementarity of male and female; it cannot cooperate with God to create new life; and the natural purpose of sexual union cannot be achieved by a same-sex union. The liberal view points otherwise saying that Marriage can be defined as the unique and special form of committed friendship and this does not say that the persons have to be heterosexually attracted, thus people of the same sex can still be married. This contrasting view is an interesting point for further comparison and contrasting. Both authors use the bible as their authoritative source of arguments. The USCCB in sum claims that what is right is what is written in the bible, Prof. Maguire on his part claims that the bible as a historical account is not an account of what is right, it sometimes contain accounts which recommends what should not be done as depicted by the lesson of particular stories like in the stories about slavery. The liberal view purports that many Catholic theologians agree now with Protestant and Jewish theologians that same sex unions can be moral, healthy, and holy and that many Catholic people are living in same sex unions and adopting children and still practicing their Catholic faith however . While the USCCB continues to campaign against the equation of same sex unions to marriage and urges followers to keep their opinions in line with the teachings of their faith and of the bible. While using almost the same source, the bible and the interpretation of the word of God, both authors argue in different directions both of which does not directly rebut each other. How to cite Questions and Answers about Marriage and Same-Sex Union, Papers

Ceviche Pacific Ocean and South America Essay Example For Students

Ceviche: Pacific Ocean and South America Essay This is a enormously popular dish in South America. It was foremost created in the South American state of Peru. The basic ingredients can be natural fish. shellfish. or a vegetarian. It is cut up into bite-size pieces and marinated in the juice of an acidic fruit. salt. and flavorers. Ceviche is an old tradition in South America. dating back to the earliest dwellers. Harmonizing to common wisdom. the lime juice â€Å"cooks† the fish partly or wholly depending on how long it is marinated. The citric acid in the lime juice does change the construction of the proteins in the fish. doing the fish more opaque and house. Ceviche is normally made with sea bass or flounder. you can besides utilize shellfish or merely veggies. Other ingredients vary widely. Ecuadorian ceviche is frequently made with runt and catsup in add-on to the lime juice. and served with maize nuts. In. Chile ceviche is made with Chiliean sea bass. Citrus paradisi juice. and coriander. In Peru. ceviche is garnished with thinly sliced onions and aji limo or rocoto Piper nigrums. It’s served with Sweet murphies and big meats Andean maize on the hazelnut. Ancient civilisations in Peru and Ecuador had entree to fresh seafood along the seashore of the Southern Pacific Ocean. The Humboldt current supplied the part with a rich assortment of fish. calamari. and shellfish. Smaller folk along the seashore. took natural seafood and created a basic version of ceviche. They would season the natural fish with chile Piper nigrums. salt. and herbs. Fruit marinades such as chichi and tumbo were used to finish this crude dish. As Spanish and autochthonal civilization merged into Peru and Ecuador. the indigens began to experiment with new ingredients. Cooks paired the juice of the citrous fruit fruits like lemons. calcium hydroxides. and oranges with the fresh seafood brought in from the seashore. It was so that ceviche as we know today was foremost invented. It was discovered that the acid in the citrous fruit juices added spirit and cooked the natural meat. doing for a more easy digestible repast. Over the past few centuries. throughout South America. ceviche has evolved. Many states in Latin America began to copy the thought and make their ain fluctuations. Most versions contain standard seafood and lime juices. with minced hot Piper nigrums. diced ruddy onion. and chopped coriander. In Peru. ceviche is frequently served with cold pieces of Sweet murphies or yucca. Corn on the hazelnut is besides a common side dish. Ecuador does things a small spot otherwise. adding popcorn and nuts. Mexico besides has it’s own invented ceviche. served on toasted tortillas. Ceviche was one time a dish found merely by brave travellers in South America willing to seek something new. This alone formula has grown so much in popularity. that there are now different types of ceviche all around the universe. While ceviche remains unknown to many people in the United States and Europe. this delightful culinary innovation is steadily doing a name for itself. home base by home base.

Women In Politics Essays - Gender Studies, Womens Rights

Women In Politics Women in Politics Beginning with the early nineteen hundreds, women from all over the country have bounded together, forming leagues and clubs for equal rights. However, it wasn't until today at the dawn of the twenty-first century, states and international community can no longer refute the fact that humanity is made up of two sexes, not just one (Oliveria 26). Why has the womans move for equality just now started to balance itself out? Well, the answer is quite simple; women are just now being looked at as semi-equals. They are beginning to become corporate executives in businesses, and popular in the field of medicine and law. Women have tried hard to push themselves forward in society to create a balanced and harmonious economy and so far it has been successful. Barriers of all kinds have been broken, well, all except a few, mainly in politics and with the information I have collected I will show why. Politicswhen one stops and thinks of the word politics what naturally comes to mind? Our founding fathers, Presidents George Washington, John Adams and Thomas Jefferson; the popular political figures of today, President Bill Clinton, George W. Bush and Al Gore; or do we think about Belva Ann Lockwood, Jeannette Rankin, Frances Perkins, and Eugenie Moore - who? When American's think about politics, Lyn Kathlene, journalist for the Higher Education Chronicles, states that ninety-five percent of the time they envision a man who is in charge of running, or helping to run, their country. Is society to blame for this misconception that women do not hold important roles in government and participate in making important decisions for our country? Not really, people just dont hear or read about women in politics as often as they do about men. As most people learn throughout elementary and junior high or middle school, our nation first formed government in 1776 when Thomas Jefferson first drafted our constitution. During this time women did not have a role in government, nor would they for the next one hundred and eight years, until a woman would try to run for office. In 1884, Belva Ann Lockwood the first woman to try a case before the United States Supreme Court ran for Presidency (Arenofsky 14). Well, to no surprise she lost, but her groundbreaking campaign made it possible and easier for Jeannette Rankin, thirty-three years later, to run and become elected to Congress for the state of Montana. However, even with this groundbreaking experience, women were still looked down upon for their lack of experience. It wasnt until 1920 when women's suffrage ended and the nineteenth amendment to the constitution, granting women the right to vote, that women were formally introduced into politics. However, even with voting privileges, women were still looked at as weak feeble creatures. The lack of confidence and the inability to be seen as strong-minded females who were not afraid to voice their opinion hurt the female gender immensely. It wasnt until Eleanor Roosevelt, wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, crisscrossed the country speaking about social problems and serving as the quintessential role model for the politically active female that women began to witness how to present themselves with confidence (Arenofsky 14). Finally, with women's confidence on the rise and their new understanding and attitudes toward government, women were starting to attain a higher status in the political arena. The big break for women came from the decision by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who in 1933 appointed Frances Perkins to the cabinet as Secretary of labor (Hogan 4). With this big break, women were finally moving forward in government and there was no looking back. So, after all of this hard work and dedication by early feminists to achieve a voice in politics, was it worth the struggles and did it pay off? Rosiska Darcy de Oliveria, journalist for the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Courier, believes so. She states, women's rise to power and their participation in politics are the vital signs of a healthy democracy, which would make good sense since the United States is a free country where everyone is suppose to be equal to their neighbor (26). However, others believe that political

Spains American Colonies and the Encomienda System

Spains American Colonies and the Encomienda System In the 1500s, Spain systematically conquered parts of North, Central and South America as well as the Caribbean. With native governments such as the efficient Inca Empire in ruins, the Spanish conquistadors  needed to find a way to rule their new subjects. The encomienda system was put in place in several areas, most importantly in Peru. Under the encomienda system, prominent Spaniards were entrusted with native communities. In exchange for native labor and tribute, the Spanish lord would provide protection and education. In reality, however, the encomienda system was thinly-masked slavery and led to some of the worst horrors of the colonial era. The Encomienda System The word encomienda comes from the Spanish word encomendar, meaning to entrust. The encomienda system had been used in feudal Spain during the reconquest and had survived in some form ever since. In the Americas, the first encomiendas were handed out by Christopher Columbus in the Caribbean. Spanish conquistadors, settlers, priests or colonial officials were given a repartimiento, or grant of land. These lands were often quite vast. The land included any native cities, towns, communities or families that lived there. The natives were supposed to provide tribute, in the form of gold or silver, crops, and foodstuffs, animals such as pigs or llamas or anything else the land produced. The natives could also be made to work for a certain amount of time, say on a sugarcane plantation or in a mine. In return, the owner, or encomendero, was responsible for the well-being of his subjects and was to see to it that they were converted and educated about Christianity. A Troublesome System The Spanish crown reluctantly approved the granting of encomiendas because it needed to reward the conquistadors and establish a system of governance in the newly-conquered territories, and the encomiendas were a quick-fix that killed both birds with one stone. The system essentially made landed nobility out of men whose only skills were murder, mayhem, and torture: the kings hesitated to set up a New World oligarchy which could later prove troublesome. It also swiftly led to abuses: encomenderos made unreasonable demands of the natives who lived on their lands, working them excessively or demanding tribute of crops that could not be grown on the land. These problems appeared quickly. The first New World haciendas, granted in the Caribbean, often had only 50 to 100 natives and even on such a small scale, it wasn’t long before the encomenderos had virtually enslaved their subjects. Encomiendas in Peru In Peru, where encomiendas were granted on the ruins of the rich and mighty Inca Empire, the abuses soon reached epic proportions. The encomenderos there showed an inhuman indifference to the suffering of the families on their encomiendas. They did not change the quotas even when crops failed or disasters struck: many natives were forced to choose between fulfilling quotas and starving to death or failing to meet quotas and facing the often-lethal punishment of the overseers. Men and women were forced to work in mines for weeks at a time, often by candlelight in deep shafts. The mercury mines were particularly lethal. During the first years of the colonial era, Peruvian natives died by the hundreds of thousands. Administration of the Encomiendas The owners of the encomiendas were not supposed to ever visit the encomienda lands: this was supposed to cut down on abuses. The natives instead brought the tribute to wherever the owner happened to be, generally in the larger cities. The natives were often forced to walk for days with heavy loads to be delivered to their encomendero. The lands were run by cruel overseers and native chieftains who often demanded extra tribute themselves, making the lives of the natives even more miserable. Priests were supposed to live on the encomienda lands, instructing the natives in Catholicism, and often these men became defenders of the people they taught, but just as often they committed abuses of their own, living with native women or demanding tribute of their own. The Reformers While the conquistadors were wringing every last speck of gold from their miserable subjects, the ghastly reports of abuses piled up in Spain. The Spanish crown was in a tough spot: the royal fifth, or 20% tax on conquests and mining in the New World, was fueling the expansion of the Spanish Empire. On the other hand, the crown had made it quite clear that the Indians were not slaves but Spanish subjects with certain rights, which were being flagrant, systematically and horrifically violated. Reformers such as Bartolomà © de las Casas were predicting everything from the complete depopulation of the Americas to the eternal damnation of everyone involved in the whole sordid enterprise. In 1542, Charles V of Spain finally listened to them and passed the so-called New Laws. The New Laws The New Laws were a series of royal ordinances designed to halt the abuses of the encomienda system, particularly in Peru. Natives were to have their rights as citizens of Spain and could not be forced to work if they did not want to. Reasonable tribute could be collected, but any additional work was to be paid for. Existing encomiendas would pass to the crown upon the death of the encomendero, and no new encomiendas were to be granted. Furthermore, anyone who abused natives or who had participated in the conquistador civil wars could lose their encomiendas. The king approved the laws and sent a Viceroy, Blasco Nà ºÃƒ ±ez Vela, to Lima with clear orders to enforce them. Rebellion The colonial elite was livid with rage when the provisions of the New Laws became known. The encomenderos had lobbied for years for the encomiendas to be made permanent and passable from one generation to another, something the King had always resisted. The New Laws removed all hope of perpetuity being granted. In Peru, most of the settlers had taken part in the conquistador civil wars and could, therefore, lose their encomiendas immediately. The settlers rallied around Gonzalo Pizarro, one of the leaders of the original conquest of the Inca Empire and brother of Francisco Pizarro. Pizarro defeated Viceroy Nà ºÃƒ ±ez, who was killed in battle, and basically ruled Peru for two years before another royalist army defeated him; Pizarro was captured and executed. A few years later, the second rebellion under Francisco Hernndez Girà ³n took place and was also put down. End of the Encomienda System The King of Spain almost lost Peru during these conquistador uprisings. Gonzalo Pizarros supporters had urged him to declare himself King of Peru, but he refused: had he done so, Peru might have successfully split from Spain 300 years early. Charles V felt it prudent to suspend or repeal the most hated aspects of the New Laws. The Spanish crown still steadfastly refused to grant encomiendas in perpetuity, however, so slowly these lands reverted to the crown. Some of the encomenderos managed to secure title-deeds to certain lands: unlike the encomiendas, these could be passed down from one generation to the next. Those families that held land would eventually become the native oligarchy. Once the encomiendas reverted to the crown, they were overseen by corregidores, royal agents who administered crown holdings. These men proved to be every bit as bad as the encomenderos had been: corregidores were appointed for relatively brief periods, so they tended to squeeze as much as they could out of a particular holding while they could. In other words, although the encomiendas were phased out eventually by the crown, the lot of the native workers did not improve. The encomienda system was one of the many horrors inflicted on the native people of the New World during the conquest and colonial eras. It was essentially slavery, given but a thin (and illusory) veneer of respectability for the Catholic education that it implied. It legally allowed the Spaniards to work the natives literally to death in the fields and mines. It seems counter-productive to kill off your own workers, but the Spanish conquistadors in question were only interested in getting as rich as they could as quickly as they could: this greed led directly to hundreds of thousands of deaths in the native population. To the conquistadors and settlers, the encomiendas were nothing less than their fair and just reward for the risks they had taken during the conquest. They saw the New Laws as the actions of an ungrateful king who, after all, had been sent 20% of Atahualpas ransom. Reading them today, the New Laws do not seem radical - they provide for basic human rights such as the right to be paid for work and the right to not be unreasonably taxed. The fact that the settlers rebelled, fought and died to fight the New Laws only shows how deeply they had sunk into greed and cruelty. Sources: Burkholder, Mark and Lyman L. Johnson. Colonial Latin America. Fourth Edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. Hemming, John. The Conquest of the Inca London: Pan Books, 2004 (original 1970). Herring, Hubert. A History of Latin America From the Beginnings to the Present. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1962 Patterson, Thomas C. The Inca Empire: The Formation and Disintegration of a Pre-Capitalist State.New York: Berg Publishers, 1991.

Hotel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hotel - Essay Example Providing ample security for the visiting guests is yet another operational challenge facing the start of new Boutique hotels. This is because; the hotels target middle to high class incomes individuals, who are also the target of criminals. Collaborative customization is what we can learn from mass customization of tangible goods, which allows the service provider to discuss with the customers regarding their preferences, and thus articulate their services to match the preferences. Option and choices are yet the other aspects learnt which can be applied to mass customization of services. This will entail availing a range of services to customers, so they can choose on what fits them best. Boutique hotels can maintain standard level of service without compromising their customization mission, through training their staff to offer services differently to their customers, based on customer preferences. This way, they can differentiate service offering strategies, even though the services offered are